Аннотация
Исследование взаимодействия компонентов коллоидных растворов с микрофильтрационными мембранами представляет неубывающий интерес как в связи с разработкой композитных пористых материалов, так и в связи с многочисленными применениями мембран для разделения суспензий. Настоящая работа посвящена изучению транспорта наночастиц серебра при фильтрации через трековые мембраны в условиях, когда наночастицы и поверхность мембраны несут противоположный заряд. Цель работы состояла в установлении закономерностей осаждения наночастиц в зависимости от структурных параметров мембраны и скорости протекания раствора. Рассмотрение процессов конвекции и диффузии в порах позволило вывести простой критерий, определяющий эффективность задержания наночастиц. Применимость данного критерия исследовали в экспериментах с полиэтилентерефталатными трековыми мембранами, диаметр пор которых варьировали от 0.1 до 7.1 мкм. Средний диаметр наночастиц составил 24 нм. Изменяя перепад давления, варьировали скорость течения коллоидного раствора сквозь поры мембраны.
Эффективность задержания наночастиц мембраной определяли методами оптической спектроскопии и рентгеновского энергодисперсионного анализа. Распределение наночастиц на поверхности мембраны исследовали с помощью растровой электронной микроскопии.
Установили, что предложенный критерий удовлетворительно предсказывает переход от практически полной задержки частиц к полному пропусканию при изменении ключевых параметров — диаметра пор, толщины мембраны и перепада давления.
Полученные результаты обеспечивают условия для контролируемой иммобилизации наночастиц на поверхности мембраны, необходимой при изготовлении функциональных нанокомпозитных устройств, например, сенсоров.
Поддерживающие организации
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