A. F. Zakharov1,2,a
Keywords:
foundations of GR, cosmology, supermassive black holes, Galactic Center, M87*, synchrotron radiation, VLBI observations
Topics:
Physics
, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Abstract
General Relativity (GR) was created in November 1915, and since its creation this theory has undergone many tests. The first realistic cosmological models were proposed in the works of Friedmann, written in the 1920s. For a long time, Friedmann’s cosmological works were actually banned in the Soviet Union due to philosophical reasons, since the models where the birth and evolution of the Universe occurs were considered ideologically unacceptable. Due to great achievements in relativity and cosmology and due to increasing interest in these branches of science in the last decades, we recall the development of relativistic astrophysics and contribution of Russian researchers to these studies. Since one of the world leaders in physical cosmology A. A. Friedmann passed away in September 1925, it is reasonable to outline the main achievements of physical cosmology over the past 100 years. We also discuss observational and theoretical achievements in confirmations of relativistic observational predictions for black holes, including the closest supermassive black hole in our Galactic Center. We outline the evolution of black hole shadow from the purely theoretical concept to observable quantities for supermassive black holes in Sgr A* and M87*.
Acknowledgements
This paper was based on the talk presented at the Rubakov-70 conference. The author isgrateful to participants of the conference for fruitful conversations which helped him to clarifysome issues and to form the historical part of the paper. The author also thanks ProfessorV. O. Soloviev for useful discussions on the history of physics and related issues. The authorappreciates the invitation of V. A. Matveev to submit the paper to theNatural Science Reviewelectronic journal. This research was supported by ongoing institutional funding. No additional grants to carryout or direct this particular research were obtained.
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